Of begrttlating the drag of yabjst in the operation of spinning



i Nii'nrrn sfrnrns rar JESSE WHITEHEAD, OF MANCHESTER, VIRGINIA.

MANNER OF REGUIA'IINGTI-IE DRAG OF YARN IN THE OPERATION 0F SPINNING.

i Speccation `of Letters Patent No. 2,673, dated J une 18, 1842.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J Essn VHITnI-mim, of

`Manchester, inthe county of Chesterfield,

in the State of Virginia, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement inthe manner of regulating the drag of the yarn in the operation ofspinning in that kind of apparatus in which the cap spinner is used,which improved apparatus I denominate the spring dragrap spinner; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full and eX- act descriptionthereof.

In spinning machines in which the cap spinner of the ordinaryconstruction is employed, the drag of the yarn is produced by itslapping` around it to a certain extent, and by the resistance of theatmosphere; but the adhesion of the thread to the surface of the cap issubjected to great variation in consequence of changes in the state ofthe air, such changes producing much irregularity, difficulty and waste.To prevent this, I sometimes, and especially when spinning yarn forfilling change the form of the cap spinner itself, its lower portion forabout one third, or one fourth, of its length, consisting of a hollowcylinder of the ordinary diameter; it has then an oset by which thislower is joined to its upper portion, which may be made of about halfthe diameter of the lower part; the exact proportion, however, not beinga point of any importance. A cap of this form is particularly welladapted to the spinning of filling upon the spools used for thatpurpose; but for spinning warp, in which bobbins are used with a doublehead, it will be necessary to employ the cylindrical cap of one-sizefrom end to end as generally constructed. In all cases, however, Iemploy a ring of metal which is made to surround the spool at the loweredge of the cap, to which ring a graduated pressure is applied, and itis thereby made to regulate the drag of the thread which passes betweenit and the cap, the graduation being such as to adapt the pressure tothe varying size ofthe cap as it is formed.

In the accompanying drawings, A, A, is one of my caps used for spinningfilling,

the lower parti A', being of the usual size,

while the upper part A, is shown of a reduced diameter. Under thisconstruction the thread as it passes up to the eye is free from the bodyof the cap after it leaves the angle a, of the offset, and its lappinground the cap is restricted to the portion of it` A', which will besubjected to little variation; a point of much greater importance inspinning filling than in spinning warp, the former from its loose twistbeing much more liable to break from any undue strain upon it.

B, is a ring of brass, or other metal, which is attached to an elastic,or spring, rod C, C, supported on a fulcrum at D, and it will bemanifest that if pressure be made on the outer end of this rod it willbe borne up against the lower edge of the cap with a degree of forceproportioned to said pressure, and will produce a corresponding drag onthe yarn. A

E, is a lever working on a fulcrum at F, and carrying a faller wire b,which is to operate upon the respective rods C, C.

G, is the ordinary heart motion, by which the spools are raised andlowered, as in other spinning machines, and the `apparatus by which thepressure on the ring B, is regulated is moved by the lever H, upon whichthe heart G, operates, and raises and lowers the spools, in a mannerwell known.

I, is' a connecting rod attached to the lever I-I, and to the lever E,and thus giving motion to the faller b, by which the pressure of thering is regulated. By this arrangement, the drag of the thread will bethe greatest when the yarn is being wound on the spool at the greatestdiameter of the cap, and will be least when it is being wound on thesmallest part, 'the pressure regularly increasing and diminishing as itapproaches to, and recedes from, these points. By this means the yarn iswound upon the spool with greater regularity than heretofore, and with afirmness which has not been attained in any other way; its quantitybeing sometimes increased fifty per cent. When the yarn is to be woundupon a bobbin regularly from end to end, the pressing apparatus forincreasing the drag is so arranged as gradually to increase it as thewinding upon the bobbin advances.

Having thus fully described the nature of my improvements in thespinning ap paratus, what I claim therein as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

l. rlhe so forming of the caps, when used for the spinning of lling uponspools, as that the yarn in its passage from the eye to the bottom ofthe cap, shall be in contact With the lower portion of the cap only,said form being given thereto for the purpose, and substantially in themanner, above set forth.

2. I also claim the graduating the drag of the yarn by the pressure of aring attached to an elastic, or spring, rod, the force of Which isgraduated to the varying diameter of the cap, as herein described. And Ido hereby declare that my invention does not in this part of it consistin, or depend upon, the'precise means by which the pressure of the ringis graduated, as this may be variously modified, but I have pointed outthat arrangement of the respective parts for effecting this object whichI deem themost convenient; my improvement in this part, however,consists in the use of this graduated pressure made by means of a ring,by any arrangement of the apparatus which is substantially the same asthat described, and Which produces a like effec-t by equivalent means.

Witnesses:

THos. P. JONES, EDWIN L. BRUNDAGE.

JESSE vvnIrni-IEAD. Y

